People
Senior Research Fellow
Maxim Trushin
Title
Senior Research Fellow
Designation
Research Assistant Professor
Degree
PhD
Research Interests
2D materials, optoelectronics, biomimetics
I-FIM Publications:
2026 |
Vu, Nam Thanh Trung; Chen, Mingjun; Ho, Yi Wei; Wu, Qingyun; Wong, Cheng Quan; Chen, Yuan; Budniak, Adam K; Loh, Leyi; Verzhbitskiy, Ivan; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Bosman, Michel; Ang, Lay Kee; Trushin, Maxim; Eda, Goki Point-like photovoltaic junction in 2D semiconductor homobilayer NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY, 2026, DOI: 10.1038/s41565-026-02251-9. @article{WOS:001849760000001, title = {Point-like photovoltaic junction in 2D semiconductor homobilayer}, author = {Nam Thanh Trung Vu and Mingjun Chen and Yi Wei Ho and Qingyun Wu and Cheng Quan Wong and Yuan Chen and Adam K Budniak and Leyi Loh and Ivan Verzhbitskiy and Kenji Watanabe and Takashi Taniguchi and Michel Bosman and Lay Kee Ang and Maxim Trushin and Goki Eda}, doi = {10.1038/s41565-026-02251-9}, times_cited = {0}, issn = {1748-3387}, year = {2026}, date = {2026-08-01}, journal = {NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY}, publisher = {NATURE PORTFOLIO}, address = {HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, BERLIN, 14197, GERMANY}, abstract = {Atomically thin semiconductor junctions offer a platform for probing optoelectronic processes beyond the continuum limit, where reduced screening and strong exciton binding make local fields especially important for charge separation. Yet it remains unclear how individual dopants contribute to the photovoltaic response when the junction thickness becomes comparable with the atomic length scales and smaller than conventional depletion or diffusion lengths. Here we demonstrate this concept by probing the microscopic photoresponse of a van der Waals semiconductor homobilayer containing ionizing acceptors. Using photoconductive atomic force microscopy on vanadium-doped WSe2 (V:WSe2) bilayers, we directly visualize nanometre-scale photocurrent hotspots centred on single dopants, which have opposite current polarities for dopants in the top and bottom layers. Vertical WSe2/V:WSe2 homobilayer devices show that the macroscopic photocurrent scales linearly with dopant concentration and exhibits a compensation voltage that is independent of illumination power and dopant density, in contrast to bulk homojunction devices. Photocurrent spectroscopy and quasi-classical modelling indicate that charged dopants locally convert tightly bound intralayer excitons into charge-separated interlayer states, thereby enabling efficient exciton dissociation within a region of about 1 nm. These results establish dopant-defined point-like junctions as the elementary photovoltaic units in atomically thin homobilayers.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Atomically thin semiconductor junctions offer a platform for probing optoelectronic processes beyond the continuum limit, where reduced screening and strong exciton binding make local fields especially important for charge separation. Yet it remains unclear how individual dopants contribute to the photovoltaic response when the junction thickness becomes comparable with the atomic length scales and smaller than conventional depletion or diffusion lengths. Here we demonstrate this concept by probing the microscopic photoresponse of a van der Waals semiconductor homobilayer containing ionizing acceptors. Using photoconductive atomic force microscopy on vanadium-doped WSe2 (V:WSe2) bilayers, we directly visualize nanometre-scale photocurrent hotspots centred on single dopants, which have opposite current polarities for dopants in the top and bottom layers. Vertical WSe2/V:WSe2 homobilayer devices show that the macroscopic photocurrent scales linearly with dopant concentration and exhibits a compensation voltage that is independent of illumination power and dopant density, in contrast to bulk homojunction devices. Photocurrent spectroscopy and quasi-classical modelling indicate that charged dopants locally convert tightly bound intralayer excitons into charge-separated interlayer states, thereby enabling efficient exciton dissociation within a region of about 1 nm. These results establish dopant-defined point-like junctions as the elementary photovoltaic units in atomically thin homobilayers.
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Wang, Xinyun; Grzeszczyk, Magdalena; Trushin, Maxim; Verzhbitskiy, Ivan; Litvinov, Dmitrii; Ho, Yi Wei; Chen, Yuan; Wu, Zhenyue; Telychko, Mykola; Zhang, Chuanqi; del Aguila, Andres Granados; Goh, Kuan Eng Johnson; Li, Xinwei; Eda, Goki; Adam, Shaffique; Koperski, Maciej; Loh, Kian Ping Ferroelectric brightening of spin-forbidden dark excitons in a WSe/hybrid-perovskite heterostructure NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 17 (1), 2026, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-72143-y. @article{WOS:001822660800006, title = {Ferroelectric brightening of spin-forbidden dark excitons in a WSe/hybrid-perovskite heterostructure}, author = {Xinyun Wang and Magdalena Grzeszczyk and Maxim Trushin and Ivan Verzhbitskiy and Dmitrii Litvinov and Yi Wei Ho and Yuan Chen and Zhenyue Wu and Mykola Telychko and Chuanqi Zhang and Andres Granados del Aguila and Kuan Eng Johnson Goh and Xinwei Li and Goki Eda and Shaffique Adam and Maciej Koperski and Kian Ping Loh}, doi = {10.1038/s41467-026-72143-y}, times_cited = {0}, year = {2026}, date = {2026-05-01}, journal = {NATURE COMMUNICATIONS}, volume = {17}, number = {1}, publisher = {NATURE PORTFOLIO}, address = {HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, BERLIN, 14197, GERMANY}, abstract = {Long-lived dark excitons in monolayer WSe2 present promising candidates for carrying spin and valley information, but their optical access and spin manipulation have conventionally required the use of strong external magnetic fields. Here, using a ferroelectric hybrid perovskite heterostructure, we leverage the ferroelectric proximity effect to break the WSe2's in-plane rotational symmetry and brighten the spin-forbidden dark excitons under zero magnetic field conditions. Furthermore, we show that the twist angle between the WSe2 and perovskite crystals controls the ferroelectric coupling strength and valley-contrasting polarization. Our proposed mechanism, supported by a four-band tight-binding model, suggests that the ferroelectric proximity effect induces an asymmetric intersublattice interaction, generating an effective in-plane spin-orbit coupling (SOC) field that rotates spin/valley polarization and brightens dark excitons. Our work establishes ferroelectric proximity coupling as a symmetry-tunable, magnetic-field-free strategy for spin exciton control in two-dimensional semiconductors.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Long-lived dark excitons in monolayer WSe2 present promising candidates for carrying spin and valley information, but their optical access and spin manipulation have conventionally required the use of strong external magnetic fields. Here, using a ferroelectric hybrid perovskite heterostructure, we leverage the ferroelectric proximity effect to break the WSe2's in-plane rotational symmetry and brighten the spin-forbidden dark excitons under zero magnetic field conditions. Furthermore, we show that the twist angle between the WSe2 and perovskite crystals controls the ferroelectric coupling strength and valley-contrasting polarization. Our proposed mechanism, supported by a four-band tight-binding model, suggests that the ferroelectric proximity effect induces an asymmetric intersublattice interaction, generating an effective in-plane spin-orbit coupling (SOC) field that rotates spin/valley polarization and brightens dark excitons. Our work establishes ferroelectric proximity coupling as a symmetry-tunable, magnetic-field-free strategy for spin exciton control in two-dimensional semiconductors.
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Trushin, Maxim Resonant Field Emission from Noble-Metal/Graphene Heterostructures NANO LETTERS, 26 (11), pp. 3760-3767, 2026, DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c06054. @article{WOS:001714968000001, title = {Resonant Field Emission from Noble-Metal/Graphene Heterostructures}, author = {Maxim Trushin}, doi = {10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c06054}, times_cited = {0}, issn = {1530-6984}, year = {2026}, date = {2026-03-01}, journal = {NANO LETTERS}, volume = {26}, number = {11}, pages = {3760-3767}, publisher = {AMER CHEMICAL SOC}, address = {1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA}, abstract = {Field emission from metals underpinned early vacuum-tube technology, and recent nanoscale engineering made field-emission devices compatible with modern silicon platforms. However, the limited tunability of electron transport in metals has restricted their applicability. Here, we show that noble metals coated with graphene exhibit clean nonmonotonic I-V characteristics arising from resonant tunneling through the electronic states of graphene, enabled by the atomic thinness and weak electronic hybridization of graphene with noble metals. Our approach combines ab initio interface parameters with exact solutions of the Schrodinger equation for electron transmission across the interface. We analyze two experimentally relevant geometries: a vertical configuration with a flat suspended emitter and a coplanar configuration with sharp electrodes allowing for strong field enhancement and gating. These results establish a practical route to tunable electron transport in metal heterostructures, positioning them as competitive components for air-channel field-emission nanoelectronics.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Field emission from metals underpinned early vacuum-tube technology, and recent nanoscale engineering made field-emission devices compatible with modern silicon platforms. However, the limited tunability of electron transport in metals has restricted their applicability. Here, we show that noble metals coated with graphene exhibit clean nonmonotonic I-V characteristics arising from resonant tunneling through the electronic states of graphene, enabled by the atomic thinness and weak electronic hybridization of graphene with noble metals. Our approach combines ab initio interface parameters with exact solutions of the Schrodinger equation for electron transmission across the interface. We analyze two experimentally relevant geometries: a vertical configuration with a flat suspended emitter and a coplanar configuration with sharp electrodes allowing for strong field enhancement and gating. These results establish a practical route to tunable electron transport in metal heterostructures, positioning them as competitive components for air-channel field-emission nanoelectronics.
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Trushin, Maxim Electrical Generation of Surface Plasmon Polaritons in Plasmonic Heterostructures PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 136 (1), 2026, DOI: 10.1103/q59q-m9q1. @article{WOS:001659391900003, title = {Electrical Generation of Surface Plasmon Polaritons in Plasmonic Heterostructures}, author = {Maxim Trushin}, doi = {10.1103/q59q-m9q1}, times_cited = {0}, issn = {0031-9007}, year = {2026}, date = {2026-01-01}, journal = {PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS}, volume = {136}, number = {1}, publisher = {AMER PHYSICAL SOC}, address = {ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA}, abstract = {Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) can be understood as two-dimensional light confined to a conductordielectric interface via plasmonic excitations. While low-energy SPPs behave similarly to photons, higherfrequency SPPs resemble surface plasmons. Electrically generating midrange SPPs is particularly challenging because it requires compensating for momentum mismatch, a process conventionally achieved through inelastic electron transport in nanostructures. Here, we theoretically demonstrate that electrical SPP generation is possible by directly coupling electron-hole dipoles to the quantized SPP field across an insulating spacer without accompanying electron transport. This approach can be realized in plasmonic van der Waals heterostructures composed of strongly biased monolayer graphene as the emitter, few-layer hexagonal boron nitride as the spacer, and silver (or gold) as the plasmonic material. In this configuration, graphene's remarkable ability to support a strongly nonequilibrium steady-state electron-hole population results in nonthermal, bias-tunable SPP emission that is uniform along the hBN/Ag interface, achieving a power conversion efficiency of up to 1% and a Purcell factor of up to 100. These findings pave the way for integrating photonic and electronic functionalities within a single two-dimensional heterostructure.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) can be understood as two-dimensional light confined to a conductordielectric interface via plasmonic excitations. While low-energy SPPs behave similarly to photons, higherfrequency SPPs resemble surface plasmons. Electrically generating midrange SPPs is particularly challenging because it requires compensating for momentum mismatch, a process conventionally achieved through inelastic electron transport in nanostructures. Here, we theoretically demonstrate that electrical SPP generation is possible by directly coupling electron-hole dipoles to the quantized SPP field across an insulating spacer without accompanying electron transport. This approach can be realized in plasmonic van der Waals heterostructures composed of strongly biased monolayer graphene as the emitter, few-layer hexagonal boron nitride as the spacer, and silver (or gold) as the plasmonic material. In this configuration, graphene's remarkable ability to support a strongly nonequilibrium steady-state electron-hole population results in nonthermal, bias-tunable SPP emission that is uniform along the hBN/Ag interface, achieving a power conversion efficiency of up to 1% and a Purcell factor of up to 100. These findings pave the way for integrating photonic and electronic functionalities within a single two-dimensional heterostructure.
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2025 |
Trushin, Maxim; Andreeva, Daria V; Peeters, Francois M; Novoselov, Kostya S Structure and flow of low-dimensional water 17 NATURE REVIEWS PHYSICS, 7 (9), pp. 502-513, 2025, DOI: 10.1038/s42254-025-00857-x. @article{WOS:001546846300001, title = {Structure and flow of low-dimensional water}, author = {Maxim Trushin and Daria V Andreeva and Francois M Peeters and Kostya S Novoselov}, doi = {10.1038/s42254-025-00857-x}, times_cited = {17}, year = {2025}, date = {2025-09-01}, journal = {NATURE REVIEWS PHYSICS}, volume = {7}, number = {9}, pages = {502-513}, publisher = {NATURE PORTFOLIO}, address = {HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, BERLIN, 14197, GERMANY}, abstract = {When water flows through 1D or 2D channels, its behaviour deviates substantially from the well-established principles of hydrodynamics. This is because reducing the dimensionality of any interacting physical system amplifies interaction effects that are beyond the reach of traditional hydrodynamic equations. In low-dimensional water, hydrogen bonds can become stable enough to arrange water molecules into an ordered state, causing water to behave not only like a liquid but also like a solid in certain respects. In this Review, we explore the relationship between the molecular ordering of water and its ability to flow in low-dimensional channels, using viscosities of bulk water, vapour, and ice as benchmarks. We also provide a brief overview of the key theoretical approaches available for such analyses and discuss ionic transport, which is heavily influenced by the molecular structure of water. The dynamic interaction between low-dimensional water transport and ion-coupled structural features lies at the heart of recent advances in the design and investigation of angstrom-scale biomimetic and neuromorphic channels.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } When water flows through 1D or 2D channels, its behaviour deviates substantially from the well-established principles of hydrodynamics. This is because reducing the dimensionality of any interacting physical system amplifies interaction effects that are beyond the reach of traditional hydrodynamic equations. In low-dimensional water, hydrogen bonds can become stable enough to arrange water molecules into an ordered state, causing water to behave not only like a liquid but also like a solid in certain respects. In this Review, we explore the relationship between the molecular ordering of water and its ability to flow in low-dimensional channels, using viscosities of bulk water, vapour, and ice as benchmarks. We also provide a brief overview of the key theoretical approaches available for such analyses and discuss ionic transport, which is heavily influenced by the molecular structure of water. The dynamic interaction between low-dimensional water transport and ion-coupled structural features lies at the heart of recent advances in the design and investigation of angstrom-scale biomimetic and neuromorphic channels.
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